Employment and income experiences for persons with disabilities often differ from persons without disabilities. Barriers to accessibility within these areas often lead to lower employment rates and decreased income levels for persons with disabilities, in relation to persons without...

This report explores the connections between low income, poverty and protected characteristics, how these can shape the experience of poverty, and whether this can result in a similar inequality in terms of when and how poverty premiums are incurred. COVID-19 has thrown light on the link between...

This report reveals that women of color encounter systemic obstacles to their advancement over and above the barriers faced by white women and men of color. Education and training are not the solution—women of color with high levels of education are more likely to be in administrative roles and...

Women own, on average, only 32 cents for every $1 owned by a man in America. Women of color have even less. Both the gender wage gap and the gender wealth gap need to be taken into account to address threats to women's economic...

This study from Statistics Canada explores how increases in top earnings and the representation of women among top earners affect the overall gender earnings gap in Canada. Results show that even though the representation of women in top earnings groups increased from 1978 to 2015, their continued...

Most employment research focuses on the quantity of work, such as whether or not people are employed, the number of hours they work, and barriers to work. Which hours of the day employees must work has received less attention. This paper examines nonstandard work schedules within the confines of...

In a well-off country like Canada, it’s hard to believe that poverty exists. But one in 10 Canadians are poor, and 1.5 million women in Canada live on a low income. Certain groups of women are more likely to be poor than others, and many systemic barriers stand in the way of their financial...

This is a fact sheet about the gender wage gap in Canada. The gender wage gap is the difference in earnings between women and men in the workplace. It is a widely recognized indicator of women’s economic equality, and it exists to some extent in every country in the world. A 2015 UN Human Rights...

This paper introduces two new concepts to the debate on job quality: the low-wage gap and low-wage intensity. These two measures provide information on the depth and severity of low wages. Using Labour Force Survey microdata, we discuss trends in these two measures, along with trends in the...

The group we analyze throughout this paper is simply the poorest one-third of all families in the U.S. with an able-bodied head between the ages of 25 and 54 (hereafter struggling families or households). This group is larger than the population in poverty (although 83 percent of them fall below...