The number of temporary foreign workers in Canada increased considerably since the early 1990s. Temporary foreign workers also became an increasingly important source of permanent residents admitted to Canada over this period. Using the Temporary Residents File and the Immigrant Landing File, this article documents the changes in the levels and types of new temporary foreign workers who arrived in Canada from 1990 to 2014. It further examines the patterns of transition from temporary foreign workers to permanent residents, and the immigration classes through which temporary foreign workers obtained permanent residence.